Decentralization

1. Separation and distribution of authority, resources, and/or bureaucratic processes and jurisdictions to lower levels of government. [1]
2. is any act in which a central government formally cedes powers to actors and institutions at lower levels in a political-administrative and territorial hierarchy. [2]
3. Decentralisation (or decentralization) is any of various means of more widely distributing decision-making to bring it closer to the point of service or action. It occurs in a great many contexts in engineering, management science, political science, political economy, sociology and economics - each of which could be said to study mass decision-making by groups too large to consult with each other very directly... Wikipedia:Decentralization